宗教外交中的中国图像与建设——以福建民间信仰与东南亚国家的文化互动为例

China's Image and its Construction in the Diplomacy of Religion:Cultural Interaction between Fujian's Folk Beliefs and Southeast Asian Countries

宗教文化与中华传统文化一直以互相交织的形态沿着"海丝"向各国传播。站在国际文化战略高度,宗教领域的民间外交可视为国家公共外交的重要组成部分,从文明互鉴和民心相通的角度挖掘宗教的人文内涵是十分可行的。福建作为"21世纪海上丝绸之路"核心区,具有重要区位优势和侨缘优势。福建民间宗教信仰,就其规模和影响已远超正统宗教的民间信俗,在走向东南亚的历史播衍中,已不仅是单纯的宗教性或学术性问题,而是在某种意义上担负起与东南亚各国进行文明对话、传递中华文化、营造中国形象的政治文化外交使命。东南亚也是海外华人最集中的地区,一方面,同根同源的民间信仰成为海外华族与祖籍国精神文化互动的源头;另一方面,福建民间信仰也渗入居住国民众生活,以自身蕴涵的中华文化基因勾画出多元兼容、和谐共处,知恩图报、崇德敬贤,敬天法祖、慎终追远的中国文化图景。在全方位、多层次、宽领域的文化推广格局中,将中华民族的文化理念通过民间信俗渠道"走出去",将民间信仰纳入对外传播影响力与话语权建构的主体框架中,纳入公共外交新生态的良性培育体系内,是极具前瞻意义的。

Religious culture and traditional Chinese culture have been intertwined along the“Sea Silk Road”and have spread to other countries.The folk diplomacy in the religious field can be regarded as an important component of the national public diplomacy.It is very feasible to extract the humanistic connotation of religion from the perspective of civilization and mutual understanding.Fujian,as the core area along the“21st Century Sea Silk Road”,has an important geographical and human contact advantage.The scale and influence of folk religion is far beyond China’s orthodox religion in Southeast Asia.It played a significant adhesive effect between China and Southeast Asia cultural exchanges.The folk beliefs of Fujian also merged into people’s everyday life.The Fujian folk beliefs has become the source of the spiritual beliefs of overseas Chinese because of their same origin.Cultural genes outlined a multi-compatible,harmonious coexistence.