华北太行山前平原潜蚀型地裂缝发育特征——以保定新乡村地裂缝为例

Development Feature of Erosion Ground Fissures in the Piedmont Region of the Taihang Mountains——Taking the Ground Fissures of Baoding Xinxiang Village as an Example

为揭示华北太行山前倾斜平原地裂缝成因,本文通过对典型山前平原典型潜蚀型地裂缝分布区进行地球物理勘查和工程地质调查,对资料进行地质解释,联系华北盆地构造特点和新构造运动以来华北断陷的活动背景,结合地裂缝的工程地质性质和地表及以下深部延伸发育情况,分析了徐水县地裂缝的成因及主要控制因素,研究水文地质条件如地表水渗漏、冲刷、地下水径流、溶蚀及潜蚀作用对地裂缝形成的影响。分析认为太行山前倾斜平原地裂缝以非构造类型为主。主要因素是地下水的潜蚀作用,其次天气干旱、超采地下水造成地下水位大幅下降,土体干缩,形成裂缝。通过探讨华北平原地裂缝的形成机理,梳理总结华北太行山前平原潜蚀型地裂缝发育特征。

To reveal the genetic nature of ground fissure in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains,this paper studies the tectonic characteristics of North China Basin and the active background of North China faultdepression since the neotectonic movement based on exploration geophysics and engineering geological survey.By the engineering geological properties of the ground fissures and the development of the deep extension of the surface and below the ground,the causes of ground fissures and main control factors,the influence of formation of ground fissure in the hydrogeological conditions are studied.The results show that the ground fissures in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains mainly belong to non-structural types;the main factor is the latent erosion of groundwater,followed by the droughts and over-exploitation of groundwater.The groundwater level is greatly reduced,the soil suffers the dry shrinkage,and the dry crack is formed.By the discussion on the formation mechanism of ground fissures in the North China Plain,the causes of ground fissures in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains is summarized.