曲面零件激光熔覆轨迹的快速算法与自动生成

Fast Algorithm and Auto Generation for Laser Cladding Trajectory on Curved Surface Parts

目的为满足激光熔覆工艺要求,提出一种针对曲面零件激光熔覆加工轨迹的快速生成算法。方法利用零件的STL格式转换为三角片模型网络,采用切片理论,生成一组厚度为0、方向与轨迹垂直的平面片族,同时将切片之间的距离设置为熔覆搭接率,搭接率取30%。每一切平面与三角面片产生交点,连接这些交点在平面内形成轨迹线段,通过加工过程中激光离焦量的固定值去除多余点,达到质量要求的同时也简化数据量,故提出搜索插补点算法,得到最终轨迹路径点,同时利用插补点在曲面上的法向矢量确定激光姿态,使用UG API与Visual Studio编写适用于激光熔覆轨迹的快速算法与自动生成的程序。结果模型的点云有47 756个数据,提取出了4260个轨迹点作为扫描轨迹,利用本文算法得到了5669个点,通过搜索插补点算法后得到最终轨迹点3861个,节约了搜索时间。将取得的每个点坐标信息与法向量信息传入机械人程序,达到了较好的熔覆质量。结论此方法用于曲面零件的熔覆轨迹规划,具有较好的稳定性和有效性。

The work aims to meet the requirements of laser cladding process by proposing a fast generating algorithm for laser cladding trajectory on curved surface parts.Firstly,STL format of parts was converted into triangulation format,then a set of flat sheets with a thickness of 0 and direction perpendicular to the trajectory were generated according to the theory of cut slices.Meanwhile,distance between slices was set as 30%overlap rate.Intersection points of cut slices and triangular patch were connected to form trajectory lines in the plane.For the purpose of meeting quality requirements and simplifying computation,some redundant points were removed based upon fixed value of lased defocusing distance during processing.Search interpolate algorithm was proposed to acquire final trajectory path points.At the same time,normal vector of interpolation pointson normal curved surface was determined as laser gesture.A program was developed for fast algorithm and auto generation of laser cladding trajectory by combining UG API with Visual Studio.47 756 data was available to point cloud of the model,and 4260 trajectory points were withdrawn.5669 points were obtained in the algorithm herein,3861 final trajectory points were withdrawn as scanning trajectory,and search time was saved in this way.Coordinate information and normal vector information of each point acquired were input into robot program,and favorable cladding quality was acquired.The test result verifies reliability and effectiveness of this method in cladding path planning of curved surface parts.