灵芝孢子、子实体和菌丝体的抗氧化活性比较

Comparison on Antioxidant Activityof Spore,FruitingBodyand Mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum

为探讨灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)孢子、子实体和菌丝体的抗氧化活性差异,对同一菌种的3种样品进行水提、不同溶剂(石油醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、水)依次提取和醇沉分级,运用化学发光法分别测定其抗氧化能力。结果发现:菌丝体水提液对过氧化氢的清除能力最强,在1mg/mL浓度下清除率达80.2%,子实体水提液对羟基自由基的清除能力最强,在1mg/mL浓度下清除率达到62.9%。不同溶剂依次提取所得提取液中,孢子粉的乙酸乙酯提取液对羟基自由基清除率较高,达到35.6%;乙醇提取液对过氧化氢的清除率较高,达到17.2%。子实体的水溶性部分对羟基自由基和过氧化氢的清除率较高,分别为40.0%和56.2%;菌丝体的水溶性部分对羟基自由基和过氧化氢的清除率较高,分别为34.4%和71.1%;就抗氧化活性而言,三种样品乙醇沉淀部分远远低于上清液,因此上清液是抗氧化的主要部分。

In order to investigate the differences in antioxidant activity of spore,fruiting body and mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum,the three types of tissue from the same strain were first extracted by water and different solvents and then separated by ethanol precipitation into supernatants and precipitates.Antioxidant capacities of the resultant fractions were determined by the chemical luminescence method.The results showed that the water extract of mycelium showed the highest scavenging ability to hydrogen peroxide with a scavenging rate of 82.9%under 1 mg/mL extract concentration;and the water extract of fruiting body showed the highest scavenging ability to hydroxyl radical with a scavenging rate of 62.1%under 1 mg/mL extract concentration.Spore samples extracted by ethyl acetate showed higher scavenging rate to hydroxyl radical(35.6%)than to hydrogen peroxide(7.6%),whereas spore samples extracted by ethanol appeared to show higher scavenging rate to hydrogen peroxide(17.2%)than to hydroxyl radical(14.1%).Scavenging rates to hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide for the water-soluble fractions of fruiting body were 71.08%and 56.23%,respectively;scavenging rates to hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide for the water soluble fractions of mycelium were 34.4%and 71.1%,respectively.Compared to the supernatants,the ethanol precipitates of the three types of samples showed lower antioxidant ability,suggesting the supernatants contained the major fractions with antioxidant capacity.