白粉病对苹果叶片叶绿素及营养物质含量的影响

Effects of Powdery Mildew on Leaf Chlorophyll and Nutrient Content of Apple

【目的】探明健康叶与病叶叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的差异以及各品种感病叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量与白粉病抗性的关系。【方法】以14个不同苹果品种为材料,通过测定其病健叶叶片组织内叶绿素、可溶性糖及蛋白质的含量变化,研究白粉病对苹果叶片叶绿素及营养物质含量的影响。【结果】不同品种健康叶叶绿素、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量均高于病叶片,各品种健康叶的叶绿素含量依次为凉香>王富>红富士>布瑞本>华红>新红星>金冠>红盖露>蜜脆>凯蜜欧>皮诺娃>翠秋>王林>天红2号,可溶性糖含量依次为红盖露>凯蜜欧>王林>蜜脆>华红>布瑞本>凉香>王富>皮诺娃>天红2号>红富士>翠秋>金冠>新红星,蛋白质含量依次为凉香>王富>红富士>华红>布瑞本>红盖露>新红星>蜜脆>王林>金冠=凯蜜欧>皮诺娃>翠秋>天红2号。蛋白质含量与苹果白粉病抗病性呈中等正相关,相关性系数为0.479;而叶绿素及可溶性糖含量与苹果白粉病抗性基本无相关性,相关系数仅0.038和0.048。【结论】苹果受到白粉病危害会降低其叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖及蛋白质含量。

【Objective】The present paper was conducted to explore difference in chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein content between healthy and diseased leaves and the correlations between powdery mildew resistance and chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein content in diseased leaves of different apple varieties.【Method】The effects of powdery mildew on leaf chlorophyll and nutrient content of apple are studied by determining variation in leaf chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein content of diseased and healthy leaves of 14 different apple varieties.【Result】The leaf chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein content in healthy leaves of 14 different apple varieties is higher than diseased leaves of 14 apple varieties.The chlorophyll content in healthy leaves of 14 different apple varieties is Liangxiang>Wangfu>Fuji Apple>Braeburn>Huahong>Starkrimson>Golden Delicious>Honggailu>Micui>Kaimi’ou>Pinova>Cuiqiu>Wanglin>Tianhong 2.The soluble sugar content in healthy leaves of 14 different apple varieties is Honggailu>Kaimi’ou>Wanglin>Micui>Huahong>Braeburn>Liangxiang>Wangfu>Pinova>Tianhong 2>Fuji Apple>Cuiqiu>Golden Delicious>Starkrimson.The protein content in healthy leaves of 14 different apple varieties is Liangxiang>Wangfu>Fuji Apple>Huahong>Braeburn>Honggailu>Starkrimson>Micui>Wanglin>Golden Delicious=Kaimi’ou>Pinova>Cuiqiu>Tianhong 2.There is a medium positive correlation between leaf protein content and powdery mildew resistance and its correlation coefficient is 0.479.The leaf chlorophyll and soluble sugar content is not related to powdery mildew resistance basically and their correlation coefficients are only 0.038 and 0.048 respectively.【Conclusion】The leaf chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein content of apple trees reduce when apple trees are infected with powdery mildew.