技术革命与应急管理变革:路径、实践与未来

Technological revolution and emergency management reform:path, practice and future prospects

社会安全是政府应急管理领域的经典议题。当前,大数据技术与网格化应急管理的兴起为应急管理模式提供了新的路径:一是在大数据技术快速发展及电子政务建设兴起的背景下,应急管理主体的决策过程发生了转变,对于民众安全需求和舆情的研判由群体转向了个体;二是大数据技术促使传统应急管理逻辑向精细化应急管理转变,即政府如何在获取民众安全需求后合理配置资源,满足个体层面上对多样性公共安全服务的需求。而当下智慧城市建设的兴起正是对以上问题的回应,通过分析宜昌智慧城市建设的案例,发现了大数据技术促进应急管理发生变革的主要特点和领域,探讨了未来大数据技术存在的风险因素及应对措施。

Social security is a classic issue in the field of government emergency management.At present,the rise of big data technology and grid emergency management provides a new path for emergency management mode.Firstly,in the context of the rapid development of big data technology and the rise of e-government construction,the decision-making process of emergency management subjects has changed.The government’s judgment on the people’s security needs and public opinion has shifted from the group to the individual.Secondly,big data technology has prompted the government’s logic to shift to refined emergency management,that is,how the government allocates resources rationally after acquiring people’s security needs and meets the needs of diverse public safety services at the individual level.The rise of smart city construction is the response to the above problems.By analyzing the case of Yichang smart city construction,the article found the main features and fields of big data technology to promote emergency management reform.Finally,the risk fac-tors and countermeasures of future big data technology are discussed.