文本的衍变:《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》辨证

The Evolution of Texts: A Discriminative Analysis of Annotations to the Plants and Animals in Mao Poetry

《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》是重要的《毛诗》名物训诂之作,但至今尚有许多疑难问题无法解决。本文以《齐民要术》、《经典释文》、《毛诗正义》、《艺文类聚》、《太平御览》所引此书,以及与其关系密切的文献为基础,探索这些引文之间的文本关系,以及文本编纂形态问题。诸文献所引《诗义疏》(《毛诗义疏》)与《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》并非一书。《齐民要术》、《艺文类聚》等书所引《诗义疏》(《毛诗义疏》)是经传笺疏合钞本,而"陆机《毛诗疏义》"和《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》均为单疏本。"陆《疏》"辗转钞存于各种《毛诗》义疏、类书、农书等著作中,各种抄写系统相互影响,已经很难以"原始文本"的"考证期待"去辨析其文字了。

Despite the fact that Annotations to the Plants and Animals in Mao Poetry is an important work of annotations to Mao Poetry,there are still unsettled problems and mysteries.Based on the literatures quoted in Qi Min Yao Shu(Important Arts for the People’s Welfare),Jing Dian Shi Wen(Interpretations of Confucian Classics),Mao Shi Zheng Yi(Commentaries of Mao Poetry),Yi Wen Lei Ju(References to Arts and Literatures)and Tai Ping Yu Lan(Taiping Imperial Encyclopedia),the paper explores the textual relations among the quotations as well as the form of textual compilation.The quotations from Shi Yi Shu/Mao Shi Yi Shu(Annotations to Mao Poetry)are different from those from The Annotations of the Plants and Animals in Mao Poetry.The quotations by books such as Qi Min Yao Shu and Yi Wen Lei Ju from Shi Yi Shu/Mao Shi Yi Shu come from a collected edition,while either Lu Ji’s Mao Shi Shu Yi or Annotations of the Plants and Animals in Mao Poetry is a single,separate edition of annotations.As Lu’s Annotations have been further quoted by all types of annotations,references and agricultural references to Mao Poetry with different versions inter-influencing each other,nowadays it is hard to discriminate and testify which is the original version.