土石坝长效服役与风险管理研究进展

Research progress in long-term service and risk assessment of earth-rockfill dams

基于对我国土石坝工程建设与安全现状的阐述,从土石坝内部侵蚀机理、土石坝隐患病害监测检测与诊断技术、防渗系统服役性能、风险分析与退役拆除等方面,论述土石坝长效服役与风险评估理论、方法及其技术的研究现状。认为今后应从深水环境下大坝的缺陷探测以及隐患快速探测技术、土石坝长效服役性态的多源信息融合推理技术、水库大坝退役决策技术、土石坝溃决影响区次生衍生事件演化机制等方面进行深入研究,并形成成熟的土石坝工程全生命周期的安全保障与风险防控体系,以建立健全土石坝工程长效服役保障与提升的理论与方法体系。

Based on the current state of construction and safety of earth-rockfill dams in China,in this paper,the theories,methods and technology of long term service and risk assessment of earth-rockfill dams are discussed from the aspects of internal erosion mechanisms,monitoring and diagnosis technology of hidden defects,service performance of the seepage control system,risk analysis and decommissioning demolition.It is concluded that in the future,further study should be focused on the defect detection of dams under deep water environment,the rapid detection technology of hidden danger,multi-source information fusion inference technology of long service state for earth-rockfill dams,the decision-making technology of dam decommissioning and the evolution mechanism of secondary derivative events in the impact zone of dam break.A mature earth-rockfill dam safety and risk control system in the project full life cycle should be developed to establish systematic theories and methods of protection and promotion for long-term service performance of earth-rockfill dams.