赈灾抢险中的社会弹韧性机制——汶川5.12大地震中阿尔村应急赈灾行动的人类学考察

On Social Resilience in Disaster Respond and Relief——An Anthropological Study on E'er Village(Sichuan) in ‘5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake”

汶川5. 12大地震中羌族阿尔村社区应急赈灾行动的人类学考察表明,当地拥有较完善的基层行政组织体系,以及基于亲缘系统而形塑的社会互助机制,再加上充分运用了"释比文化传承地"这样的社会文化资本,阿尔村在面对汶川5. 12地震灾难时激发出了强大的弹韧性,这一个案及其呈现出来的各种行动主体组织协调一致联合赈灾救援的情景,生动地凸显了当代中国社会于灾难阈限阶段紧急联动的能力和效率,这也造就了阿尔村在大地震中"遇祸不罹难、经灾能避险"的幸运。所以,在社会人文特征和政治经济条件不同的基层社区去更为精准化地营造其社会弹韧性机制,对于有效提升中国社会的减灾防灾能力而言极为关键。

Ethnographic study on the disaster respond and relief in E’er village(a Qiang village)proved that complete local administrative organization and social help mechanism based on kinship is in place on top of social cultural capital of Shibi Culture Heritage.This paper aims to inquiry the way in which social resilience is established and plays its role.By conducting this case study,this paper also tries to present that when local communities are deeply involved in the process of disembedding in recent decades,it’s urgent to building up the social resilience in the local and for the local.This is also an essential task for Minzu communities to foster an long-term institutional disaster respond.