巴沙鱼与龙利鱼肌肉中营养成分分析及安全性评价

The nutrients analysis and safety evaluation in muscles of Pangasius bocouti and Cynoglossus robustus

以巴沙鱼和龙利鱼为研究对象,通过气相色谱、液相色谱串联质谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱等理化检测方法对其进行营养成分及药物残留分析并做出安全性评价。结果表明,巴沙鱼和龙利鱼肌肉中粗蛋白质量分数分别为9.8%、19.0%,粗脂肪质量分数分别为1.00%、0.49%,水分、灰分和碳水化合物含量差异不大。巴沙鱼和龙利鱼肌肉中都含有16种氨基酸,其中7种为必需氨基酸,分别占氨基酸总量的8.52%和18.52%。氨基酸指数分别为93.71与87.30,表明两种鱼营养均衡,且为丰富蛋白源。巴沙鱼含有12种脂肪酸,龙利鱼含有10种,两种鱼脂肪酸总含量均较低。龙利鱼中矿物质元素Ca、K、Mg、P含量远高于巴沙鱼。对巴沙鱼和龙利鱼肌肉兽药残留进行检测,发现巴沙鱼肌肉中含有氢化可的松,残留量为8.21μg/kg,而龙利鱼中未检测到兽药残留。结果说明龙利鱼比巴沙鱼蛋白含量更高,优势矿物元素更丰富,且无兽药残留,食用安全营养。

The nutritional components and drug residues of Pangasius bocouti and Cynoglossus robustus were analyzed and evaluated by gas chromatography,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and other methods.The results showed that the mass fractions of crude proteins in Pangasius bocouti and Cynoglossus robustus are 9.8%and 19.0%,respectively.The mass fractions of crude fats are 1.00%and 0.49%,respectively.There are little differences in moisture,ash and carbohydrate contents in Pangasius bocouti and Cynoglossus robustus.There are 16 kinds of amino acids in the muscles of Pangasius bocouti and Cynoglossus robustus,seven of which are essential amino acids,accounting for 8.52%and 18.52%of total amino acids,respectively.The amino acid indexes are 93.71 and 87.3,respectively,indicating that two species of fish are nutritionally balanced and rich in protein sources.There are 12 kinds of fatty acids in Pangasius bocouti and 10 kinds in Cynoglossus robustus.The total contents of fatty acids in the two species are low.The mineral elements Ca,K,Mg and P in Cynoglossus robustus are much higher than those in Pangasius bocouti.The result of drug residues detection showed that 8.21μg/kg hydrocortisone was detected in Pangasius bocouti,but no drug residues in Cynoglossus robustus.The results indicated that the contents of proteins are higher and the dominant mineral elements are more abundant in Cynoglossus robustus.There are no drug residues in Cynoglossus robustus,which is safer and more nutritious.