电控磁效应的研究进展

Recent Advances on Electrical Control of Magnetism

电控磁效应是利用电场调控材料磁学特性进而实现数据存储的一类物理效应,具有丰富的物理内涵和广阔的应用前景,因而受到越来越多研究者的关注。文章重点阐述了载流子调控、应力调控、轨道重构和电化学调控等主要电控磁机制的最新研究进展,包括电场作用下超薄铁磁金属中载流子浓度和电子结构的变化对磁性调控的核心作用、铁电/铁磁双层结构中铁电层晶格变化诱导应力对铁磁层磁学行为的影响、氧化物异质结界面过渡金属元素3d轨道间的电荷转移和轨道重构对磁性调控的规律、以离子液体或具有高氧离子迁移的氧化物为栅极的体系中氧化还原反应对磁性调控的途径。文章还概述了电控磁效应在磁隧道结和纯电场作用下180°磁化翻转等方面的应用情况,以及在推动低功耗自旋电子学器件发展方面所扮演的角色;讨论了电控磁效应与反铁磁自旋电子学结合所开展的最新研究工作。

Electrical control of magnetism(ECM)is defined as a method to modulate magnetism intrinsically by electrical means,providing an alternative avenue for data storage.ECM is attracting increasing interest and exciting significant research activity due to its profound physics and enormous potential for applications.This review article aims to provide a comprehen￣sive review of recent progress in ECM,including materials,device configuration,magnetoelectric performance,and develop￣ment trend.We summarize the recent understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the observed ECM behavior,including carrier density modulation,strain control,orbital reconstruction and electrochemical effect.That is,carrier density modula￣tion and electronic structure variation are mainly responsible for the ECM in the ultrathin thin ferromagnetic metals,in ferro￣electric/ferromagnetic bilayers the strain introduced by the piezoelectric behavior of the ferroelectric layer accounts for the magnetoelectric coupling,the charge transfer and orbital reconstruction between 3d transition￣metal ions affect the ferromag￣netic behaviors at the oxide interface,the oxygen ions motion provides an avenue for the ECM in the system with high oxygen mobility or ionic liquid gating.Furthermore,we describe the potential applications of ECM in magnetic tunnel junctions and 180°magnetization switching with pure electric field effect,and the role of ECM on the spintronics with low power consump￣tion.Finally,we discuss the recent progress of the works combining ECM and antiferromagnetic spintronics.