走与跑运动模式下的足底压力中心轨迹特征

Locus characteristics of plantar pressure center in walking and running modes

背景:走、跑是人们日常生活中必不可少的运动,足部关节灵活也最容发生损伤。压力中心位移能反映足部内-外侧和前后移动,是衡量足部功能的一个指标,用于描述步态过程中足部和足底界面的复杂动态功能。目的:通过观察青年男性走、跑过程中足底压力中心轨迹,分析不同运动模式足底压力中心轨迹特征与规律。方法:采用Footscan测力平板对45名健康青年男性进行走、跑运动模式的测试,进行步态测试与分析,主要观察足底压力中轨迹、足旋进角变化。结果与结论:(1)左足走和跑对比中,压力中心轨迹百分比在初始着地阶段、前掌接触阶段、整足接触阶段差异有显著性意义(P <0.05),在前掌离地阶段差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05),右足各阶段差异均有显著性意义(P <0.05);(2)压力中心轨迹百分比在走的运动模式下左右足对比初始着地阶段、前掌接触阶段、整足接触阶段、前掌离地阶段差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05),跑的运动模式下左右足对比结果与走相似;(3)走、跑运动模式对比足旋进角在初始着地阶段、前掌接触阶段、整足接触阶段、前掌离地阶段差异均有显著性意义(P <0.05);(4)结果提示:a.走、跑支撑期各阶段存有差异,奔跑时支撑期足跟着地时间变短,足跟相对负荷随速度增加降低;b.相同运动模式左右足压力中心轨迹差别不大,压力中心轨迹可以用来区分不同运动模式,跑的运动模式中出现更多的压力中心轨迹内侧偏移;c.走、跑的足旋进角都是在前掌离地阶段最大,在整足接触阶段最小,前2个阶段足部旋外,在后2个阶段旋内;d.跑在初始着地阶段和前掌离地阶段,足部旋进角小于走,而在其余2个阶段足旋进角大于走。

BACKGROUND:Walking and running are essential exercises in daily life.Foot joints are flexible and most likely to damage.Displacement of the pressure center can reflect the inner-lateral and anteroposterior movement of the foot,which is an index for evaluating the function of the foot,and is used to describe the complex dynamic function of the foot and sole interface in the gait process.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the characteristics and regularity of plantar pressure center in different movement modes by studying the locus of plantar pressure center in the course of walking and running in young males.METHODS:The walking and running patterns of 45 healthy young men were tested with Footscan force measuring plate,and gait test and analysis were carried out.The foot pressure trajectory and foot progression angle were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The percentage of the pressure center locus in the left foot walking and running was significantly different in the initial contact phase,the forefoot contact phase and the foot flat phase(P<0.05).There was no significant difference at the forefoot push off phase(P>0.05).There were significant differences in all stages of the right foot(P<0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the percentage of center of pressure locus between left and right feet in the walking mode(P>0.05).The results of left and right feet in running mode were similar to those of walking.(3)There were significant differences in foot progression angle between walking and running mode in initial contact phase,forefoot contact phase,foot flat phase,and forefoot push off phase(P<0.05).(4)In summary,there are differences in each stage of running support period.The time of foot following the running period becomes short and the heel relative load decreases with the increase of speed.The center of pressure trajectory of the left and right feet of the same motion pattern is not very different,and the center of pressure trajectory can be used to distinguish different motion patterns,and more centers of pressure tracks are offset in the running mode.The foot progression angle in walking and running is largest in the stage of leaving the ground in the front palm,smallest in the contact stage of the whole foot,and the rotation outside the foot in the first two stages,and in the latter two stages.In the initial contact phase and the forefoot push off phase,the foot progression angle is smaller than the walk,while in the other two stages,the foot progression angle is greater than the walk.