阻断T细胞活化抑制通路治疗恶性肿瘤新进展

Recent progress in the treatment of malignant tumors by blocking the inhibitory pathway of T cell activation

肿瘤免疫治疗近年来取得了较大进展,阻断T细胞活化抑制通路的抗程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)/程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death-ligand1,PD-L1)及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4,CTLA-4)等单克隆抗体(也被称为免疫检查点抑制剂)应用于临床,有些抗体已纳入特定肿瘤的一线治疗。本文就免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICPIs)的作用机制、临床研究结果、免疫相关不良事件等方面的最新进展进行综述,从而分析该领域所面临的问题及未来发展前景。

Cancer immunotherapy has progressed rapidly in recent years,especially the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors,such as anti-programmed death-1(PD-1),programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4(CTLA-4)monoclonal antibodies,which block the inhibitory pathway of T cell activation.Some of these antibodies have been adopted as firstline therapies for certain types of cancers.Here,we review the mechanism of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors,new advances in clinical applications,and immune-related adverse events.Lastly,we discuss some issues to be addressed and future directions of cancer immunotherapy.