126种植物精油或精油主要成分对玉米黄呆蓟马的熏杀活性筛选

Screening of insecticidal activities of 126 plant essential oils or main components of essential oils against Anaphothrips obscurus (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)

【目的】鉴于植物源蓟马防控剂产品较为稀缺,本研究旨在发现具有开发潜力的植物材料,为植物源蓟马防控剂产品开发奠定基础。【方法】采用三角瓶熏蒸法,筛选了126种植物精油或精油主要成分对玉米黄呆蓟马Anaphothrips obscurus的熏杀活性。【结果】冬青油等10种精油或精油主要成分对玉米黄呆蓟马2龄若虫和成虫均具有较好的熏蒸活性,其毒力从大到小依次为冬青油、牛至油、肉桂油、百里香油、柠檬醛、黄樟油、紫苏叶油、大蒜油、松油精和松油醇;其中,冬青油对2龄若虫和成虫的LC_(50)分别为0.97和2.56μL/L,牛至油对2龄若虫和成虫的LC_(50)分别为1.47和3.27μL/L;在LC_(95)剂量下,各精油对玉米黄呆蓟马成虫的LT_(50)从小到大依次为黄樟油、柠檬醛、松油醇、松油精、牛至油、冬青油、百里香油、肉桂油、紫苏叶油和大蒜油;其中黄樟油的LT_(50)为17.31min,熏蒸致死速度最快。【结论】冬青油、牛至油和黄樟油对玉米黄呆蓟马具有较好的熏蒸致死活性,有应用潜力,值得进一步研究。

【Aim】In view of the scarcity of botanical pesticide products for controlling thrips pests,the aim of this study is to evaluate the insecticidal activity of plant materials against thrips so as to lay a foundation for the development of botanical pesticide products.【Methods】The fumigation activities of 126 plant essential oils or main components of essential oils against Anaphothrips obscurus were evaluated by triangle bottle fumigation method.【Results】Ten plant essential oils or main components of essential oils showed high fumigation activity against both the 2nd instar nymphs and adults of A.obscurus,with the fumigation toxicity in the descending order as follows:wintergreen oil,oregano oil,cinnamon oil,thyme oil,citral,sassafras oil,perilla leaf oil,garlic oil,dipentene,and terpineol.The LC 50 values of the wintergreen oil against the 2nd instar nymphs and adults were 0.97 and 2.56μL/L,respectively,while those of the oregano oil were 1.47 and 3.27μL/L,respectively.At the LC 95 dose,the LT 50 values of the 10 plant essential oils against A.obscurus adults in the ascending order were sassafras oil,citral,terpineol,dipentene,oregano oil,wintergreen oil,thyme oil,cinnamon oil,perilla leaf oil and garlic oil.The LT 50 value of the sassafras oil against A.obscurus adults was 17.31 min,with the fastest fumigation effect.【Conclusion】The wintergreen oil,oregano oil and sassafras oil exhibit high fumigation activity against A.obscurus,have the application potential and are worth further research.