广东红树林区鱼类物种多样性

Diversity of fish species in Guangdong mangrove areas

于2016年到2017年分4个季度对广东省8片红树林区中鱼类的多样性进行了研究,共发现鱼类83种,隶属于13目34科。8片红树林区渔获的鱼类多为小型鱼类或幼鱼,且优势种存在差异。各红树林区渔获的鱼尾数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数差异显著。对8片红树林区渔获鱼类进行聚类分析,结果显示粤东的澄海澄饶围红树林和饶平浮任村红树林分为一组,中部珠三角的深圳福田红树林保护区和惠州大亚湾红树林公园分为一组,粤西的茂名市水东湾红树林和江门市广海湾红树林分为一组,而红树林面积较大的粤西廉江市高桥红树林观光旅游区与中部的珠海淇澳岛红树林自然保护区分在一组。排序分析支持聚类分析结果。相关分析表明,各红树林区渔获的鱼类尾数、捕获量、物种数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数均与相应红树林区的面积、林区中乡土红树植物面积和水温呈显著正相关。

Diversity of fish species in eight Mangrove areas in Guangdong was investigated between 2016 and 2017 in four seasons.Eighty-three species were found,belonging to 13 orders and 34 families.There were differences in dominant species of the fish captured in the eight Mangrove areas,mainly small fish or baby fish.Significant differences existed not only in fish tails,catches and Shannon-Wiener diversity index,but also in Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index.A cluster analysis was conducted on the catches in different groups:the group of Chengraowei,Chenghai and Huren Village,Raoping in the eastern part of Guangdong,the group of Futian,Shenzhen and Daya Bay,Huizhou in the Pearl River Delta,the group of Shuidong Bay,Mao ming and Guanghai Bay,Jiangmen in the west of Guangdong,and the group of Gaoqiao,Lianjiang and Qi Ao Islang,Zhuhai.The Sequence analysis supported the results of cluster analysis.The correlation analysis showed that the fish tails,catches and the species numbers as well as Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index had significant correlations with the area of mangrove forests,the local mangrove plants and water temperature.