横纹金蛛卵袋丝的力学行为与生物学功能之间的关系

Relationship Between Tensile Behaviors and Biological Function of Egg-Case Silks of Argiope bruennichi

采用电子单纤强力仪对横纹金蛛Argiope bruennichi卵袋框丝、卵袋外覆盖层丝被与卵袋内层丝3种不同功能蜘蛛卵袋丝的力学行为进行测试研究,采用电子天平对卵袋丝的生物学功能进行量化,拟探明蜘蛛卵袋丝的力学行为与生物学功能之间的关系。结果表明,与卵袋框丝相比,卵袋内层丝负荷-位移曲线弹性区增加、屈服区小、加强区平缓、延展性好;卵袋框丝具有反复拉伸的特性,力学行为重复性好;卵袋框丝、卵袋内层丝和卵袋外覆盖层丝被的屈服点和断裂点负荷均远大于卵块重量,说明雌蛛在后代的保护方面投入巨大; 3种卵袋丝均满足各自生物学或生态学功能对其断裂点负荷、延展性等力学性能的要求。这对人们进行新型纤维材料的仿生设计具有重要的指导意义。

To investigate the relationship between tensile behaviors and bio-function of egg-case silks,the scaffolding silk,inner cover silk and outer silk cover,3 types of egg-case silks of Argiope bruennichi were examined using electronic single-fiber tensile instron and electronic scale.The results showed that compared with the scaffolding silk,the tensile behavior curve of the inner cover silk was increased in the elastic region,small extent in the yield region,and buffering state in the reinforcing region.The scaffolding silk presented good tenacity and reproducibility of tensile behavior and repeated stretching;the forces at yield and broken point of the 3 egg-case silk samples were higher than egg weights,indicating that the females will make greater investments on the protection of their offsprings.The mechanical properties(e.g.break strength,extensibility)of the inner cover silk matched to their biological or ecological functions,respectively.These findings may be helpful to guide the biomimetic design of novel fiber materials.