早期胚胎DNA甲基化研究进展

Research Progress on DNA Methylation in Pre-implantation Embryo

DNA甲基化修饰是研究最多的表观遗传修饰之一,在调控基因转录、染色体结构稳定、基因印迹、X染色体失活等方面发挥作用。尽管DNA甲基化是一种稳定的修饰,但其在个体发育进程中是动态变化的。目前,人们对早期胚胎发育中DNA甲基化修饰研究还不全面,随着全基因组DNA甲基化分析技术的进步,其在早期胚胎中的功能也逐渐揭示。作者主要论述了DNA甲基转移酶(DNMTs)的发现及其调控作用和DNA甲基化在早期胚胎中的作用。

DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic,which plays a significant role in mediating biological progress such as gene regulation and expression,the stability of chromosome,genomic imprinting,X-chromosome inactivation.Although DNA methylation is stable,it is dynamic in the process of individual development.The function of DNA methylation modification in early embryonic developmental is not comprehensive.As the research into DNA methylation deepens,its function in pre-implantation embryos is also gradually revealed.This article mainly discusses the discovery and regulation of DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs)and the role of DNA methylation in pre-implantation embryos.