真空螺旋振动干燥TNAZ的理论分析与实验研究

Rearch of theory and experiment of vacuum spiral vibration drying of 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine(TNAZ)

从热力学与螺旋振动动力学的角度,建立了真空导热式螺旋振动干燥数学模型,以低熔点、高感度含能材料1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷(TNAZ)为实验对象,研究了干燥速率、最终含水率等干燥指标随真空度、水温、螺旋升角和振动幅度等操作参数变化的规律,实验过程稳定、安全、可靠,实验数据证明了数学模型的正确性。研究结果表明:随着热源温度的增大,物料最终含水率减小,但干燥过程安全性越差;真空度越大,物料最终含水率越小,换热效率越低;螺旋升角越大,物料最终含水率越大,干燥效率越高;振幅越大,物料最终含水率越小,干燥效率越低。结合理论分析与实验研究,综合考虑干燥质量、效率以及过程安全性。最佳操作条件为:热水温度80℃,真空度0. 01 MPa,螺旋升角45°,振幅0. 027 mm。

The drying mathematical model of vacuum thermal-conducting spiral vibration was established in mass transferred thermodynamics and spiral vibration dynamics.The variation law that operating parameters such as vacuum degree,inlet temperature,spiral angle and vibration amplitude acted on drying results such as drying rate and final moisture percentage was researched by experiments using 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine(TNAZ)which was one kind of third generation energetic materials with low melting point and high sensitivity.The drying process was stable,safe and reliable and the drying data demonstrated the correctness of drying mathematical model.The results indicate that final moisture percentage decreases with the increasing of inlet temperature,but the security of drying process is worse.Final moisture percentage also decreases with the increasing of vacuum degree,but the heat exchange efficiency is worse.Final moisture percentage and drying rate both decrease with increasing of vibration amplitude and decreasing of spiral angle.The optimal operating conditions are that inlet temperature equals to 80℃,vacuum degree equals to 0.01 MPa,spiral angle equals to 45°and vibration amplitude equals to 0.027 mm.