基于保健因子和动物旷场试验的毛竹林生态保健功能研究

Ecological Health Care Functions of Phyllostachys pubescens Forest Based on Health Factors and Open Field Test

以毛竹林为例,研究林内一年四季保健因子的季节变化、日变化规律,并通过小白鼠的旷场试验(OFT)研究林内保健因子对小白鼠自发行为的影响,为毛竹林保健型园林以及森林浴场的开发建设提供理论参考。通过对林内四季的空气温湿度、风速、光照、空气颗粒物浓度、植物挥发物等环境因子进行同步观测和采集,并借助小白鼠OFT试验评价毛竹林生态保健功能。结果表明:1)人体舒适度方面,四季光照强度大小顺序为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;风速大小顺序为春季>秋季>冬季>夏季;气温值高低顺序为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;相对湿度大小顺序为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;2)空气颗粒物方面,TSP、PM10、PM2.5颗粒物日均浓度大小为冬季>秋季>夏季>春季,PM1.0日均浓度大小为冬季>夏季>秋季>春季。其中TSP和PM10的浓度冬季与春、夏季差异显著(P<0.05),PM2.5和PM1.0的浓度冬季与其他3个季节差异均显著(P<0.05);3)植物挥发物方面,春季植物挥发物种类最多为22种,夏季、秋季次之分别为20种和19种,冬季最少为17种,从主要挥发物的相对含量大小来看:夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;4)动物旷场试验表明,与对照组相比经竹林"处理"后的小白鼠紧张感有所降低,探索、认知能力明显增强。毛竹内尤其是春、夏季有很好的生态保健功能,对人体健康有利,适合保健型园林的开发和建设。

The paper studied both the seasonal and daily variation patterns of the health care factors in the bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)forest throughout the year.Through the open field tests,it also studied the spontaneous behaviors of the mice influenced by the health care factors in the forest to provide a theoretical reference for the exploration and construction of the health care-oriented bamboo gardens as well as the forest air bathing places.Simultaneous observations were carried out on the environmental factors all year round in the forest,such as air temperature and humidity,wind speed,light,airborne particulate concentration and plant volatiles,etc.Relative data were collected.On the other hand,the ecological health care function of bamboo forest was evaluated by mice open field test.The results showed that 1)factors related to human comfort:light intensity was in the order of summer>spring>autumn>winter;wind speed:spring>autumn>winter>summer;temperature:summer>spring>autumn>winter;relative humidity:summer>autumn>spring>winter.2)Airborne particulate matter:the average daily concentration of particles,such as TSP,PM10 and PM2.5 throughout the year was in the order of winter>autumn>spring>summer;the average daily concentration of PM1.0 was winter>summer>autumn>spring.The concentrations of TSP and PM10 in winter differ significantly from those in spring and summer(P<0.05).The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM1.0 in winter were significantly different from those in the other three seasons(P<0.05).3)In regard to the VOCs:The maximum number was 22 species in spring,followed by summer,autumn and winter,respectively as 20,19 and 17 species.Regarding to the relative content of the major plant volatiles,the order was summer>spring>autumn>winter.4)Animal open field test indicated that tension sense of mice that were treate in bamboo forest decreased compared with the control,senses such as learning and exploring increased.Therefore,bamboo forest had a very good ecological health care function,specially in spring and summer.It was beneficial to human health,and was suitable for the exploration as well as the construction of the health-oriented garden.