基于计算机参数反求的汽车轮胎有限元建模与仿真

Vehicle tire finite-element modeling and simulation based on parameter reverse by computer

以型号165R 14LT的轮胎为例,针对多层复合结构的轮胎,进行了整车40%偏置碰撞的有限元(FE)模型仿真。该模型考虑了轮胎是碰撞力传递路径,用FE单元模拟了轮胎的胎面胶体、胎侧胶体、三角胶、帘布层、帘线等关键结构;选取轮胎钢丝帘线直径,胎体的纤维帘线的横截面积、弹性模量、预紧力等4个建模参数作为反求对象;用计算机反求方法,寻求轮胎模型最佳参数。用该模型模拟了轮胎径向落锤冲击试验。结果表明:在整车40%偏置碰撞条件下,对左侧B柱根部加速度曲线的仿真与试验的拟合精度提高了7.3%;验证了该轮胎有限元模型可提高整车碰撞仿真精度。

Established a finite-element(FE)model for a tire with multilayer composite structure as a part of a vehicle-crash simulation-model in a condition of 40%offset vehicle collision for a 165R 14LT tire,taking account of the tire being a force transmission path.Selected four modeling key parameters as the reverse objects,which including the diameter of steel cord,the cross section area of carcass fiber cord,the elastic modulus and the pretension force of tire.Found optimum of the key parameters by using the FE model of tire to simulate the tire tread,sidewall colloid,triangle rubber,and cord.Contrasted the simulations from the FE model with the results from the tire impact tests with radial drop-hammer.The results show that the accuracy of the acceleration curve of the left B-pillar root increases 7.3%when using the model to simulate the 40%offset vehicle crash.These verify that the tire FE method can improve the precision of the simulation for the 40%offset vehicle crash.