安全态度、安全能力、不安全动机对建筑工人不安全行为的发生机理

Occurrence Mechanism of Safety Attitude,Safety Capability and Unsafety Motivation to Unsafe Behavior for Construction Workers

为探索建筑工人的安全态度、安全能力及不安全动机对不安全行为的发生机理,识别其影响因素,并建立假设理论模型;然后,通过问卷调查从广州、厦门和漳州3个城市的20多个典型项目获取数据,利用结构方程模型(SEM)进行模型拟合,采用决策试验和评价实验室(DEMATEL)计算各因素的影响度、被影响度、原因度和结果度;最后,根据研究结果提出不安全行为的预防措施.结果表明:安全态度与不安全动机具有显著的双向影响关系,不安全动机和安全态度对安全能力具有显著影响,安全能力和不安全动机对工人的不安全行为具有显著影响;安全态度和不安全动机属于原因型因素,影响度较高,不安全动机对不安全行为的总效应最大.

To discuss the influence mechanism of safety attitude,safety capability and safety motivation to unsafe behavior for construction workers,the theoretical model was established,the influence factors were identified.The data were collected by questionnaire survey from more than 20 construction projects in Guangzhou,Xiamen and Zhangzhou.Using structural equal model(SEM)to fit the model,the indexes of impact degree,impacted degree,cause degree and result degree were calculated by the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL).The measures to prevent unsafe behaviors were proposed.It is shown that:safety attitude and unsafety motivation have significant bidirectional relationship;unsafety motivation and safety attitude have significant influence on safety capacity;safety capacity and unsafety motivation have significant influence on unsafe behavior of construction worker;safety attitude and unsafety motivation are the cause factors with high impact degree,and the total effect of unsafety motivation on unsafe behavior is maximum.