从分散型防治到整合型防治:我国自杀防治的问题与出路

From the random prevention model to the integrated prevention model:Existing problems of suicide prevention in China and possible solutions

有效开展自杀防治,不仅是削减个体人生悲剧发生风险、缓解公共卫生问题的一种现实手段,也是社会转型期预防和化解我国社会矛盾的一种治理方式。当前,我国的自杀率虽有所下降,但自杀防治工作还处于初级阶段——国家计划阙如和国家力量缺场,乃是一种"分散型自杀防治模式"。自杀防治的未来方向是建构一种社会多元主体共同参与、具有中国特色的"整合型自杀防治模式"。

The efficient prevention of suicide as a major public health issue will not only reduce the risks of individual tragedy but also help prevent and solve our social contradictions in the period of transformation.Although the suicide rate in China has now declined,its prevention work is still in its infancy due to the lack of a national prevention plan and an inadequate intervention of the state power,which leads to the random suicide-prevention model.The future relies on the construction of an integrated suicide-prevention model sponsored by multi-participants of our society with Chinese characteristics.