我国优秀女子50m自由泳运动员刘湘的比赛技术分析

Technical Analysis on Chinese Elite Swimmer LIU Xiang in Women's 50m Freestyle Competition

为备战2017年布达佩斯世界游泳锦标赛和2017年第十三届全运会,进一步改进和完善刘湘的专项技术水平,提高训练的实效性,运用技术视频拍摄和技术监测手段,结合运动员的技术视频图像分析结果,长期系统地跟踪刘湘的比赛技术表现,通过自身比赛技术数据的纵向比较,分析刘湘的成绩变化来自于哪个技术环节,通过与世界优秀运动员比赛技术数据的横向比较,分析刘湘与世界优秀运动员在各技术环节的优劣,进一步了解刘湘的技术特点,找到技术发展方向,为刘湘提供专项技术指导和科研服务。研究结果表明:刘湘从2017年7月29日世界锦标赛的24.56 s(42个动作次数),到2017年9月6日第十三届全运会的24.04 s(39个动作次数),正是得益于专项体能和专项技术训练效果的提高;与世界优秀运动员相比,除了出发15 m和冲刺5 m成绩之外,刘湘的其他各项技术指标都接近或超过对手。加强直腿鞭打的力度和能力训练,提高近端的紧、弹性和力量,是刘湘的技术发展方向;应该借助专项体能和专项技术训练,进一步改善和提高刘湘的出发技术、出水衔接和到边技术。

In order to prepare for the 2017 Budapest World Swimming Championships and the 2017 Tianjin National Games,further improve and perfect the specific technique of LIU Xiang,enhance the effectiveness of her training,this research used video photography and technique monitoring means,combined with the athlete's technical video image analysis results to track LIU Xiang's technical performance in competitions for a long time.Through the vertical comparison of LIU Xiang’s technical data during competitions,this paper analyzes the technical links of the LIU Xiang's achievement change.Furthermore,it analyzes the pros and cons of LIU Xiang and world excellent swimmers in various technical links,so as to further understand the technical characteristics,find the technical development direction of LIU Xiang’s and provide special technical guidance and scientific research service for LIU Xiang.The results show that just benefited from improvement in her specific physical abilities and specific technical training effect,LIU Xiang stepped forward with 24.04 seconds(39 stroke times)on September 6,2017 in the National Games from 24.56 seconds(42 stroke times)in 2017 World championships(July 19).Compared with women’s 50m freestyle elite swimmers in the world,LIU Xiang's technical indicators are close to or exceed the competitors’except for 15 meters after the start and 5 meters sprint to finish.Therefore,strengthening LIU Xiang’s straight leg kick power,improving the tightness,elasticity,and strength of the proximal body is her technique development direction.With the special physical and special technical training,further improve and enhance the LIU Xiang’s starting technique,surface connection,and sprint to finish technique.