蒜头果油对小鼠的急性毒性试验研究

Acute Toxicity Study of Malania oleifera Oil to Mice

采用昆明种小鼠对蒜头果油进行急性毒性试验。将80只健康小鼠随机分成阴性对照组、食用油组、低剂量组[81. 6g/(kg·bw)]和高剂量组[122. 4g/(kg·bw)]4组,每组雌性和雄性小鼠各半。阴性对照组给药当天和给药后连续观察14d,该组小鼠均未见明显异常。食用油组在给药后第1d表现异常,第2d至第14d都恢复正常。低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠绝大多数在给药后的第1d、第2d表现异常,第3d至第14d恢复正常;其中低剂量组和高剂量组分别有2只和5只小鼠死亡,小鼠的死亡数量有明显的剂量-反应和时间-反应关系。给药小鼠的体重增长幅度无论是雌性还是雄性在给药后的第1d都明显减慢(P<0. 01),且高剂量组表现出负增长。在第3d至第14d体重增加变快,甚至有些时段体重增加幅度超过阴性对照组和食用油组,但在整个受试过程中给药小鼠体重总体上都低于阴性对照组和食用油组。表明蒜头果油具有较宽的安全剂量范围,但若在短时间内大量服用可能会导致胃肠系统功能紊乱甚至发生障碍。

Malania oleifera,an endemic plant species,is naturally distributed in karst region of southeast of Yunnan and west of Guangxi Province,China.This plant is a potential species with high economic value as its seed oil contains rich nervonic acid.In order to test acute toxicity of seed oil,eighty healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups,namely control group,edible oil control group〔122.4g/(kg·bw)〕,low dose〔81.6g/(kg·bw)〕and high dose group〔122.4g/(kg·bw)〕.Each group included 10 females and 10 males.The control group showed normal during the 14-day test period.All mice from the edible oil control group showed abnormal on the first test day,and showed normal during the second to the fourteen days.The great majority of mice from low and high dose groups was abnormal on the first and second days,and recovered during the third to the fourteenth days.In particular,2 and 5 mice died respectively in low and high doze groups.The number of deaths was positively correlated with doze,and negatively with time.The weight of female and male mice fed seed oil slowly increased(P<0.01)on the first day,and the increase in weight got faster during the third to fourteenth days.In general,the weight of mice fed seed oil was smaller than the control group and the edible oil control group.Results showed that Malania oleifera oil was with a wide range of safe doses,but a large amount of use in a short period of time could cause dysfunction of gastrointestinal system.