创业教育和先前经验对大学生创业能力的影响研究

Entrepreneurship Education,Prior Experience and University Students' Entrepreneurship Capability

当前大学生创业失败率居高不下,大学生创业能力不足是重要原因。文章基于创业理论和创业教育研究最新进展,对大学生创业能力及其影响因素进行了梳理,开发了大学生创业能力量表,对广东省、上海市、湖北省、江西省和吉林省五省市1000名普通全日制大三和大四学生展开问卷调查,统计分析了当前大学生创业教育和创业能力现状及其内在关系。研究发现,大学生创业能力可以区分为大学生创业内部能力和外部能力两个维度,先前创业经历、创业教育对大学生创业内部能力和外部能力都具有显著的影响,但先前工作经验对大学生创业能力影响不显著。因此,鼓励大学生创业的政策措施应致力于营造宽松的创业环境、夯实创业教育课程,而非片面强调工作实习。

The failure rate of college students'entreprenuearship is high now,and the lack of entrepreneurial ability is an important reason for college students.Based on the latest developments in these theories of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education,the author studied the entrepreneurial ability of college students,influencing factors,and developed the scale of college students'entrepreneurial ability.A questionnaire survey is made for the study on 1000 full-time junior and senior students in Guangdong Province,Shanghai,Hubei Province,Jiangxi Province and Jilin Provinces with the scale,and the current status and internal relationship of college students'entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial ability is analyzed with statistic data.The empirical analysis shows that college students'entrepreneurial ability can be divided into two dimensions of entrepreneurial internal ability and external ability.Furthermore,previous entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurship education have significant influence on college students'entrepreneurial internal ability and external ability,but previous work experience did not significantly affect students'entrepreneurial ability.Therefore,the policy suggestion means creating a relaxing entrepreneurial environment and enriching entrepreneurship education courses,rather than unilaterally emphasizing fieldwork.