钾离子电池研究进展

Research progress of potassium-ion batteries

阐述了钾离子电池关键材料和电池技术的研究现状,特别是对普鲁士蓝类和P2、P3相层状氧化物材料作为正极材料的电化学性能及存在的问题、碳基负极材料(石墨、硬碳、软碳等)的电化学性能及钾离子脱嵌机理、当前所用电解液的优缺点等方面都进行了较为全面的讨论和分析。分析表明普鲁士蓝和非石墨材料等材料已经同时展示出较高的比容量和循环性能,而对于层状氧化物材料和石墨材料,钾离子的电化学嵌入/脱出伴随显著的体积变化和复杂的相变,同时与正负极材料具有高度相容性的电解液尚未获得。指出钾离子电池需要进一步发展其电极材料和电解液。

This paper reviewed the state-of-art of the potassium-ion batteries,including the electrochemical properties and their existing issues of Prussian blue and P2,P3 phase layered cathode materials,the electrochemical properties and potassium storage mechanism of carbon-based anode materials(graphite,hard carbon,soft carbon,etc.),and the current advantage and disadvantage of the electrolyte.And the analysis revealed that some current attempted materials,including the Prussian blue analogues and non-graphite carbon,had shown the high specific capacity and long cyclic performance,while large volume variation had been detected for the general oxides cathodes and graphite anode during the intercalation/removal process of the potassium cation,and a high compatible electrolyte had also not been obtained for both cathode and anode material.Therefore,there are still urgent needs on developing better electrode materials and electrolyte formulas for potassium-ion batteries.