开放创新与跨国资本流动技术扩散的门槛效应研究

Open Innovation and Threshold Effect of Technology Diffusion of Multinationals

本文将开放创新的理论范式引入到跨国资本流动分析框架中,探讨微观创新环境演变对跨国资本流入技术扩散效应的影响及其门限变化特征。利用DEA-Malmquist指数分解法测算中国内资工业企业2006—2011年技术进步率,并基于静态面板门限回归方法进行计量分析。研究结果证实:自2006年中国政府提出"创新型国家"发展战略之后,国内创新环境的演变对于跨国资本流入技术扩散效应的门限影响具有极强的正向作用。其中,区域技术市场开放程度、区域高等学校参与积极性对于外资技术扩散效应的门限影响最为显著;区域技术市场健康程度的影响也较显著,但因受到国内知识产权保护水平的发展制约影响相对较弱。本研究工作提供了观察创新制度环境变迁对跨国资本流动技术扩散效应分析的一个新视角。

This paper,after introducing the paradigm of open innovation into the traditional analytical framework of multinationals,focuses on the threshold effect produced by the micro environmental changes on multinationals’technology distribution in China.By calculating the rate of technology advance of Chinese domestic industrial enterprises from 2006 to 2011 by the DEA-Malmquist index method,this paper also made an empirical analysis based on the static panel threshold regression model.The research confirms that since Chinese government puts forth the strategy of“innovation country”in 2006,the evolution of domestic innovational environment has strong and positive impacts on the multinationals’technology distribution,whereby both the openness degree of regional technology market and universities,motivation to join the transactions on regional open technology market have a very strong and positive threshold effect in improving the technology distribution effects of multinationals.Besides,building a healthy technology market in the region shows a same positive threshold effect,but because of the IPR protection in China is still relatively weak,the latter threshold effect is not strong.Thus,this research may provide a new perspective of multinationals’technology distribution effect by the innovative institutional environment changes.