新疆天山中部沙湾林场生态系统健康评价

Ecosystem health evaluation for Shawan forest in middle part of tianshan mountain in Xinjiang

【目的】以天山中部沙湾林场为研究区,从生态系统服务功能、景观生态结构与功能、立地环境、生理生态状况等方面,从遥感数据提取有关衡量森林生态系统健康程度的指标因子,对沙湾林场森林生态系统健康进行评价。建立一套适合该区域的森林生态系统健康综合评价方法,为新疆天山中部林区森林健康维护和可持续经营提供理论和方法。【方法】利用遥感数据和新疆森林资源数据,通过相关性分析各因子对森林生态系统健康的指示作用和影响程度,采用熵权法和综合评价法,定量评估森林生态系统健康。【结果】生态系统健康评价指数在0. 12～0. 59,分析得出指数大于0. 4的为健康,其中针叶林景观、阔叶林景观、疏林地景观、灌木林景观、苗圃景观、宜林荒山荒地、非林地平均指数分别为0. 59、0. 56、0. 36、0. 41、0. 12、0. 53、0. 48,5个森林景观为健康。【结论】研究结果建立了一套适合该区域的森林生态系统健康综合评价方法,为新疆天山中部林区森林健康维护和可持续经营提供理论和方法。

【Objective】Taking Shawan Forest Farm in the middle of Tianshan Mountain as the research area,this project aims to assess the forest ecosystem health in Shawan forest farm by extracting the index factors from remote sensing data to measure the health of forest ecosystem in terms of four aspects:ecosystem service function,landscape ecological structure and function,terrain factor,physiological and ecological status.【Method】Using the data of remote sensing and forest resources date in Xinjiang,through the correlation analysis of the indicators and influence degree of each factor on the health of the forest ecosystem,the entropy weight method and the comprehensive evaluation method were used to quantitatively evaluate the health of the forest ecosystem.【Result】The results showed that the index of ecosystem health was 0.12-0.59,among which the average index of coniferous forest landscape,broadleaf forest landscape,spare woodland landscape,shrubbery landscape,nursery landscape,afforested barren hills,non-forestland were 0.59,0.56,0.36,0.41,0.12,0.53 and 0.48.【Conclusion】A comprehensive method for assessing the forest ecosystem health is established,which can provide theory and method for forest health maintenance and sustainable management in the central Tianshan forest region of Xinjiang.