北疆棉区棉花单铃损伤对脱叶催熟剂及铃期的响应

Response of Cotton Single Boll Damage to Defoliation and Boll Stage in Northern Xinjiang Cotton Region

【目的】研究棉花适宜施用脱叶催熟的棉铃铃期和施用时间,提升棉花脱叶催熟效果,降低对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响。【方法】设置不同的棉花脱叶催熟剂施用时间,分析脱叶催熟剂对棉铃发育的影响及对单铃纤维和棉籽的损伤程度。【结果】施用脱叶催熟剂缩短棉铃铃期,提前施用时间则棉铃铃期缩短越大,单铃纤维重和单铃棉籽重受脱叶催熟剂影响显著,不同施用时间以铃龄44 d时的降低量最小,降低了0. 15 g左右。【结论】根据棉铃铃期与单铃因子损伤量的关系,确定脱叶催熟剂的施用时间。若控制单铃产量损伤量<0. 1 g,"脱叶催熟剂施用时间/铃期"大于0. 79,棉铃铃期55 d的棉花品种可在铃龄43 d施用脱叶催熟剂。

【Objective】The technology of defoliation and ripening is an important prerequisite to realize cotton harvesting and reasonable application time can achieve good defoliation and ripening effect and reduce the influence on cotton yield and fiber quality.【Method】In this experiment,the effects of defoliation on cotton boll development and damage degree to single boll fiber and cottonseed were analyzed by setting different time of defoliation and ripening agent,and cotton boll stage suitable for defoliation and ripening was discussed.【Result】The boll period of cotton was shortened by applying defoliation and ripening agent.The shorter the boll period was,the more shortened boll period was.The weight of fiber per boll and cotton seed weight per boll was significantly affected by the defoliation agent,and the decrease of boll period was the least when the boll age was 44 days,which was reduced by about 0.15 g.【Conclusion】According to the relationship between boll stage and the damage amount of single boll factor,the application time of defoliation can be determined.If the damage amount of single boll yield was less than 0.1 g,the application time of defoliation agent/boll period should be greater than 0.79,and cotton varieties with 55 days boll stage could apply defoliation agent at 43 days of boll age.