不同磷钾肥施用量对设施葡萄果实品质和产量的影响

Effects of Different Amounts of Phosphate and Potassium Fertilizer on Fruit Quality and Yield of Frey Grape under Protected Culture

【目的】磷、钾肥均是葡萄生长发育所需要的大量元素,对葡萄整个生长发育过程及果实的品质和产量都有重要的影响。研究不同磷钾肥施用量在膨果期和着色期对设施葡萄果实品质和产量的影响。【方法】选择弗雷葡萄,在施氮量一致的条件下,设置不同的施磷量和施钾量,在果实成熟期测定葡萄果实品质和产量的影响。【结果】设施弗雷葡萄在膨果期和着色期施P_2O_5量为14.6 kg/667 m^2、施K_2O量为15.08 kg/667 m^2时葡萄单穗重和产量最高,糖酸比、硬度和果实着色系数均优于对照和其它处理。【结论】设施弗雷葡萄在膨果期和着色期施P_2O_5量为14.6 kg/667 m^2、施K_2O量为15.08 kg/667 m^2,施肥深度应在20~40 cm土层处为宜。

【Objective】Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are important elements for grape growth and development,which have an important effect on the whole process of grape growth and development as well as the quality and yield of grape fruit.The objective of this study is to increase understanding of the different amounts of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on fruit quality and yield of Frey seedless grape under protected culture during fruit expanding and coloring period.【Method】Different amounts of phosphorus and potassium were applied under fixed nitrogen fertilizer application.【Result】The results showed that the grape plant panicle weight and yield were highest when the P 2O 5 content was 14.6 kg/667 m 2 and the potassium application amount was 15.08 kg/667 m 2 in the local Frey seedless grape under protected culture during the fruit expanding and coloring period.And sugar and acid ratio,hardness and fruit coloring coefficient were better than those of the control and other treatments.The root system of grape was mainly distributed in the soil layer of 20-40 cm.【Conclusion】It is suggested that the amount of P 2O 5 content should be 14.6 kg/667 m 2 and the potassium application amount was 15.08 kg/667 m 2 in the local Flame seedless grape under protected culture during the fruit expanding and coloring period and the fertilization depth should be at the 20-40 cm soil layer.