兔源巴氏杆菌分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella multocida Rabbits

【目的】研究引起石河子地区某养兔合作社兔不明原因大量死亡的主要病原菌及其耐药性。【方法】采用常规细菌分离培养、形态学观察、生化试验、PCR鉴定及荚膜血清分型、致病性试验、药敏试验明确主要致病菌及其生物学特性。【结果】引起此次疾病的主要病原为荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌,且具有较强的致病性,并伴有大肠杆菌混合感染;临床常用的30种抗菌药物中较为敏感的是第三代头孢菌素类如头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟,部分喹诺酮类抗生素如氧氟沙星、左氟沙星以及氟苯尼考等敏感,对其余20余种药物中度敏感或耐药,分离菌株呈现出不同程度的多重耐药性。【结论】荚膜血清A型巴氏杆菌是引起石河子地区兔大规模死亡的主要病原菌,且对临床常用抗菌药物耐药严重;充实了巴氏杆菌在引起该地区引起多种动物疾病的研究基础,为指导临床科学用药和防控提供依据。

【Objective】This study aims to elucidate the major pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance that caused a large number of deaths for explained reasons in a rabbit cooperative in the Shihezi region.【Method】In this study,routine bacterial isolation and culture,morphological observation,biochemical tests,PCR identification and capsular serotyping,pathogenicity test,drug susceptibility test were used to identify the main pathogens and their biological characteristics.【Result】The results showed that the main cause of the disease was capsular serum type A Pasteurella multocida,which had strong pathogenicity with mixed infection of Escherichia coli.Of the 30 commonly used clinical antibacterials,the disease was sensitive to the third generation cephalosporins such as cefoperazone,cefotaxime,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime,cefepime,some quinolone antibiotics such as ofloxacin,levofloxacin and florfenicol,and was moderately sensitive or resistant to more than 20 other drugs and the isolated strains showed different degrees of multidrug resistance.【Conclusion】The capsular serum type A Pasteurella is the main pathogen causing large-scale death of rabbits in Shihezi area,and it is highly resistant to common antibiotics in clinical practice.It enriches the research foundation of Pasteurella in causing various animal diseases in this area.Provide clinical evidence for drug use and prevention and control.