不同库源关系对油茶花芽分化的影响

Response of Flower Bud Differentiation to Different Sink-source Relationships in Camellia oleifera

以6年生的‘湘林210’‘茶陵166’‘衡东大桃’为试验材料,分别于油茶花芽分化前期和开花前期进行采样,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定了不同库源关系下油茶新梢的叶片、花芽和叶芽的内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素(ZT)质量分数,并在花芽分化完成后调查了不同库源关系下油茶新梢的花芽分化率。结果显示,随着库的增加,即果多时,油茶新梢的花芽分化率降低,叶片的生长类激素质量分数会增加,而花芽和叶芽的生长类激素降低,ABA质量分数升高。果实的增加会抑制花芽的分化,所以会出现大小年现象。研究从库源关系角度对油茶大小年现象发生的机理进行了解释。结果表明,可以通过疏果的方式让油茶达到合理负载,以达到稳产。

Flower bud differentiation rate of 6-a Camellia oleifera‘Xianglin210’,‘Chaling166’,‘Hengdongdatao’were investigated in July.Leaves and buds of 6-a C.oleifera‘Xianglin210’were gathered before bud differentiation and flowering.The contents of endogenous hormone(GA 3,IAA,ABA and ZT)were determined by HPLC.With the increase of sink,the GA 3,IAA,ABA and ZT were increased in leaves,decreased in buds,and flower bud differentiation rate was increased.Fruit has an inhibitory effect on flower bud differentiation,so the yield of C.oleifera is high in one year but low in the next year.In order to achieve stable production,C.oleifera should have a reasonable load.