跨三国而居的图瓦人身份及其认同研究

Transnational Tuwa People's Identity and Identification

在社会的发展过程中,产生了国家,而在国与国之间的或战争或侵吞或扩张的历史进程以及民族迁徙的步伐中,造成了国家疆土和民族边界的交错重叠,从而导致了一个民族居于多国的情况。图瓦人虽然人口只有三十余万,但他们分别居住在俄罗斯、蒙古国和中国,是典型的在多国居住的跨国界族群,文章从图瓦人的历史脉络、生计方式、仪式、记忆等层面探讨跨居俄罗斯、蒙古国和中国的图瓦人的历史脉络、人口情况、生活样态及其身份认同问题。

In the process of social development,emerged states,and in the historical process of war or embezzlement or expansion between states,as well as in the pace of ethnic migration,resulting in overlapping territories and boundaries,leading to the situation that an ethnic group resides in a multinational space.Although Tuwa people have a population of only 300,000,they live in Russia,Mongolia and China respectively.They are typical transnational ethnic groups living in many countries.This paper discusses the historical context of Tuwa people living in Russia,Mongolia and China from the perspectives of their historical context,livelihood,rituals,memory,oral condition,life style and identification.