传说、仪式与族群互动:“九使公”海神信仰的文化建构

Legend,Ritual and Ethnic Interaction:Cultural Construction of Sea God Jiushigong Belief

作为一个以多元移民群体组成的海洋社区,历史上移居闽东沙埕港的各个族群,因为共同的水上作业特点,都选择了原先依江海为生的一部分闽越族的集体神明"九使公"作为本族群的信仰对象,并通过创造本族群与"九使公"的传说故事及共同参与节日庆典仪式展演等活动,逐渐将"九使公"塑造成为一个社区神。这一海洋社区民间信仰体系的形成过程,充分展示了海洋地带宗教发展的差异化特征,体现了宗教型社会组织在推动海洋社区建构与维系社区认同方面的重要作用。

As a marine community consisting of multiple immigrant groups,all ethnic groups who immigrated to Shacheng Harbor in eastern Fujian have chosen the collective God of Yue people’s Jiushigong as their beliefs and created their own ethnic groups because of the common characteristics of water operations.The legend of the group and their participation in festival ceremonies and performances gradually shaped the Jiushigong into a community god.The forming process of the folk belief system in the marine community fully demonstrates the diversity of religious development in the marine area,and reflects the important role of religious social organizations in promoting the construction of marine communities and maintaining community identity.