基于AHP与模糊综合评价法的森林康养旅游开发潜力评价——以辽东山区为例

EVALUATION ON EXPLOITATION POTENTIAL OF FOREST HEALTH TOURISM BASED ON AHP AND FUZZY SYNTHETIC EVALUTION——A CASE STUDY OF LIAODONG MOUNTAIN AREA

[目的]森林康养作为旅游新业态逐渐受到学者的关注和大众的青睐,成为研究的新焦点。森林康养旅游的产品形式和开发模式等定性研究有了较多研究成果,但对于森林康养旅游的开发潜力评价指标及开发体系仍属空白区,文章总结借鉴国内外森林康养旅游的研究成果,构建森林康养旅游开发潜力的评价体系,为森林康养旅游的发展提供新的研究视角和可操作性的实践支撑。[方法]从森林康养资源价值、森林康养环境价值和开发建设价值3个层次,选取8个准则层,界定32个指标层,构建了森林康养旅游开发潜力评价指标体系。采用层次分析法(AHP法)对测评的各项指标进行权重赋值,并采用模糊综合评价法对森林康养旅游开发潜力进行评价。[结果]以辽东山区为研究地,选取辽东山区具有代表性的桓仁、盖州、宽甸3县市进行森林康养旅游开发潜力评价,得出桓仁地区森林康养旅游开发潜力较大。在森林康养旅游开发中,环境价值所占比重最大,其次是资源价值,再次是开发建设价值。[结论]森林康养旅游是新兴的旅游业态,是森林资源利用新形式的有效探索,构建的开发潜力评价体系和采用的评价方法对于森林康养旅游的发展提供独特的研究视角和实践发展的有效抓手。但由于森林康养旅游是一个新兴的事物,开发潜力评价在指标体系和评价方法上仍需要进行深入研究。

Forest health tourism has gradually attracted the attention of scholars and the public,but the evaluation index system of forest health tourism is a blank area and there is still a large space for innovation and development.Combining the national forest health tourism research and experience,the evaluation index system for development potential of forest health tourism was constructed based on the analysis of forest tourism impact factors,selected 8 criteria layers and 32 indicators from 3 levels of forest landscape value,forest environment value and forest health products.It used AHP to ascertain the index weight and judged the forest health tourism resources by fuzzy evaluation.Taking the mountainous area of Liaodong as the research area,the paper selected the three counties of Liaodong mountainous area,Huanren,Gaizhou and Kuandian to evaluate the development potential of forest health tourism and concluded that Huanren had a great potential for forest health tourism.In the development of forest health tourism,the proportion of environmental value was the largest,followed by the value of resources,and then the value of development and construction.Forest health tourism is a new form of tourism industry.It is an effective exploration of the new form of forest resources.The evaluation system of development potential and the method of evaluation provided a unique research perspective and effective helper of the forest health tourism development.However,due to the fact that forest health tourism is a new thing,the evaluation of development potential still needs to be further studied.