中国高校国际专利的现状研究

Study on the Present Situation of International Patent for Chinese Universities

高校是科技创新的主体,国际专利是创新国际化的必要途径,研究高校的国际专利可以为创新主体研发及海外布局提供有益参考。本文基于德温特数据库,定量分析高校国际专利的数量变化趋势以及申请地域分布;通过IPC分类号统计核心技术分布并采用VOSviewer对德温特手工代码进行共现分析确定关键技术;借助Ucinet软件研究校企合作专利进而分析专利的转化情况。研究发现我国高校国际专利申请整体处于较低水平,高校之间的专利分布极不均衡,但近几年申请数量呈上升趋势;核心技术领域与世界创新趋势保持一致;校企合作除清华大学外普遍较低。

Colleges and universities are the key part of technological innovation,and international patent is the best way to internationalize the innovation.It will provide innovation subjects a useful reference for R&D and overseas patent layout of universities.Based on the Derwent database,this paper quantitatively analyzes the quantity and trend of international patent application from 1963 to 2017,study the patent layout through the different countries;and analyze the technology distribution by IPC classification number.This study also conduct the co-occurrence analysis of Derwent Manual Code through the VOSviewer software.In addition,this paper also analyze the cooperation patent of schools and enterprises by means of UCINET visualization software.The results present that the international patent application is generally less in colleges and universities in China,and the patent distribution between different universities is extremely unbalanced,while the overall number of application is in a rising trend.The main technology fields are consistent with the world’s innovation trends;and the cooperation rate is generally low except the Tsinghua University.