三种学术进路及其解读——《孟子》“尽心”章的诠释与再考察

Three Kinds of Academic Approaches and Their Interpretation——Interpretation and Re-Examination of Meng Zi's “Jinxin” Chapter

朱熹、王阳明和牟宗三对《孟子》"尽心知性知天"章的诠释各有特点,并将问题不断深入推进:朱熹以格物穷理的认识论和知行关系重新编排了"尽心"章;王阳明从君子人格的角度和"致良知"的精神对之加以理解;牟宗三则带着形上建构的时代任务对其进行了"体"与"用"的说明。现代学术则有可能突破他们各自的时代局限,将其重新诠释为一个个体道德修养之层层追求而又步步落实的具体性实践纲领。对三人诠释的考察会为儒学的过往推进与未来发展提供重要参考意义。

Zhu Xi,Wang Yangming and Mou Zongsan have their own interpretations of Meng Zi’s“Jinxin chapter”,and further deepen the problem:Zhu Xi explained it by“Make a thorough inquiry”and“Relation between knowing and doing”;Yang Ming comprehended its spirit from a gentleman personality and“conscience”;Mou Zongsan intended to establish metaphysics and discussed it by“Noumenon and effort”.Modern scholarship may break through their limitation of times the and interpret it as a concrete programme of practice in which individual moral cultivation is progressing step by step.The study of the interpretation of the three person will provide important reference for the future development of confucianism.