“依附的美”:审美判断与目的论判断的交汇

Kant's Merely Dependent Beauty:The Intersection of Aesthetical Judgement and Teleological Judgement

康德提出的"依附的美"这一概念,体现着审美判断力批判思想和目的论判断力批判思想的交汇。这一概念的提出,以对象应当是什么的概念以及一种内在的完善性目的为前提。对"依附的美"的鉴赏判断基于概念性和应用性,相应地有所依附并受到限制,体现出目的论合目的性在鉴赏判断中的渗透。"美的理想"在理性的理念方面与道德目的紧密联系,只可寄期望于有着内在合目的性的道德性的人,它是"依附的美"的典型。"依附的美"在关系要素中的作用在于可以协调美和完善性概念,以及完善性与外在合目的性之间的关系。康德在论述过程中的例证与注解说明不够严谨,"依附的美"与"自由美"的界限也不甚明朗,容易令人们产生更多疑惑。

Kant’s conception of“merely dependent beauty”reflects the intersection of the critical thinking of the aesthetical judgment and the critique of the teleological judgment.This concept was put forward on the premise of the concept of what the object should be and an intrinsic purpose of perfection.The judgment of taste of the“merely dependent beauty”is based on concept and applicability,and accordingly it is dependent and limited,reflecting the penetration of the teleological purposiveness in judgment of taste.The“ideal of beauty”,which is the typical“merely dependent beauty”,is closely linked to moral purposes in the idea of reason,and could only expect those who have a moral of internal purposiveness.The role played by“merely dependent beauty”in relation moment rests in the ability to reconcile beauty with the concept of perfection and perfection with the external purposiveness.Kant was not perfectly rigorous in the illustration and annotations,and the boundaries of merely dependent beauty and the free beauty is not clear enough,which would be easily to make people feel more confused.