郭店简与上博简《缁衣》篇用字比较

Making Comparison on Ziyi between Guodian Jian and Shangbo Jian

对郭店楚墓竹简《缁衣》和上海博物馆所藏楚竹书《缁衣》的用字情况进行了全面测查比较,并与传世《缁衣》篇用字进行对照,发现两篇出土《缁衣》用字有很大差别,且其本字使用比率都明显低于传世用字。战国时期不仅各诸侯国"文字异形",同一个诸侯国内文字异形也十分严重。因此,秦统一后"书同文"是十分必要的,它不仅解决了各诸侯国文字异形的问题,也有效地保存了汉字形义切合的表意文字特点。

This paper makes a comprehensive survey and comparison of the characters used in the bamboo slips of Guodian Chu tomb and the bamboo slips of Shanghai Museum.It is found that there are great differences in the usage of the characters in the two unearthed Ziyi,and the usage ratio of the original characters is obviously lower than that of the handed down characters the Warring States Period,not only the“abnormal characters”of the various vassals,but also the abnormal characters of the same vassals were very serious.Therefore,after the unification of the Qin Dynasty,it is very necessary to“write with the same text”which not only solves the problem of the abnormal shape of the characters in the various kingdoms,but also effectively preserves the ideographic features of the Chinese characters.