祈雨卜辞■祭新论

Research on the Incineration Sacrifice in the Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Praying for Rain

■祭的致祭对象皆为祖先神;其次■祭在时间、地点等方面与■、舞等祭祀活动有着一定的关联,这几种祭祀有时会同时、同地进行,尤其是■祭与■的关联,在传世文献中也能得到印证;另外,对■祭的祭祀场合的分析,也对我们理解■祭的性质提供了帮助;最后,依据卜辞辞例和"沉""坎"等专字用法及其造字构形表意情况,"■"字的造字构形表意和辞例用法与之相类。从而推知"■"造字构形表示以火焚文、黄之意。由此观之,■祭的性质,即是一种以祖先神灵为致祭对象,且常与■祭同时进行的"临时祭告"活动。

Through the discussion of the incineration sacrifice,the object of the incineration sacrifice is the ancestor god,and the next incineration is related to the prayers and other activities in time and place.It can be seen that these sacrifices are sometimes carried out at the same time and in the same place,especially the association of incineration and prayers,and can also be obtained in the literature of the passing of the world.In addition,the analysis of the sacrificial occasions of the incineration also helped us to understand the nature of the incineration;finally,according to the examples of the inscriptions and the special words“Chen”and“Kan”,and the form of the form of the word,the word“incineration”was used as a form of form and example.It is therefore concluded that the word“burning”is the word“fire”,which means burning fire and burning yellow.In view of this,the nature of the incineration is a kind of“temporary sacrifice”activity which is carried out at the same time with the sacrifice.