日本少子老龄化对策探微

Japan's Countermeasures against the Declining Birthrate and Aging Population

近20年来,日本少子老龄化的对策始终坚持问题导向,经历了三次转型,略有成效。随着新一轮产业革命的兴起,日本再次转换了政策思路,采取稳定人口与提高生产率两手抓的方针,将人口增长目标转为人才增长目标,并将少子老龄化对策纳入超智能社会的顶层设计中。借鉴日本的经验,中国需要准确把握人口现状,大力扩充人才储备,优化调整产业结构,做好充分准备迎接少子老龄化社会的巨大挑战。

In the past 20 years,Japan’s countermeasures against the declining birthrate and aging population have been problem-oriented.It has undergone three changes and achieved initial success.With the rise of a new round of industrial revolution,Japan has once again converted its countermeasures to solve the population issues.It has adopted the principle of population stability and productivity improvement.It has changed the goal of population growth to the goal of talent growth.And it has also incorporated population policies into Super Smart Society vision.Drawing on Japan’s experience,China needs to accurately grasp the status quo of the population,expand its talent pool,optimize its industrial structure,and make full preparations to meet the enormous challenges of declining birthrate and aging society.