明清乡贤祠祀的演化逻辑赵克生

The Evolutionary Logic of the Local Virtuous Person Shrine Cult in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期乡贤祠祀的演化主要从乡贤祠祀规制、管理体制与地方人物祠祀系统内部结构性变动三个方面展开,在明清王朝政府主导下通过两种模式达致的。一是直接的制度供给,从附学令渐次实行到雍乾管理体制形成,呈现纵向的、递进式的特点。一是通过调整地方人物祠祀系统的内部结构,经由改变或添加其他祠祀而发生功能转移,从而改变了乡贤祠祀对象与激励目标冗杂多样的情况,呈现横向的、交互性的特点。

The evolution of the cults of Local virtuous person shrines in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was mainly carried out in three aspects:overall regulation,administration,and internal structure.The government played a key role in the evolution by two ways.The first was by providing direct institutional support,from placing the shrines in the local official academies to the formation of the Yongzheng and Qianglong style administration system.The second was by changing the internal structure and function of the shrines,including changing the local icons or adding other type of persons into the shrines to diversify the function of these shrines.