双酚S长期暴露对雌性斑马鱼视觉系统的影响

Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Bisphenol S on the Visual System of Female Zebrafish(Danio rerio)

为探究双酚S(BPS)长期暴露对雌性斑马鱼的视觉毒性效应,本研究采用半静态暴露试验方法,以1、10、100和1 000μg/L BPS暴露斑马鱼胚胎至性成熟(120d),检测了BPS对雌性斑马鱼视觉行为——眼动反应和视动反应、视网膜结构及视蛋白基因(zfrho、zfblue、zfgr、zfred和zfuv)转录水平的影响。结果表明,BPS长期暴露降低了雌性斑马鱼视觉追踪能力;1 000μg/L BPS增加了视网膜及其各层厚度;BPS显著上调了眼中视蛋白基因zfuv、zfred、zfgr和zfblue的表达,增强了斑马鱼对紫外、红、绿和蓝光的光谱敏感性。本研究从分子、组织学和个体等不同水平,首次证实了BPS长期暴露能影响雌性斑马鱼的视蛋白基因表达,损伤视网膜结构,并导致其视觉行为异常,为进一步研究BPS的视觉毒性机制提供了理论基础。

To investigate the visual toxicity of bisphenol S(BPS)in the females,zebrafish(Danio rerio)were exposed to 0,1,10,100,and 1 000μg/L BPS in a semi-static manner from 2 hours post-fertilization to 120 days post-fertilization.The optokinetic response and optomotor response were measured to evaluate effects of BPS on the visual behavior of female zebrafish.Histological analyses were performed to determine whether retinal structure was affected by BPS,and the mRNA expression levels of opsin genes including zfrho,zfblue,zfgr,zfred,and zfuv in the eyes were quantified by real-time PCR to clarify the possible mechanism.The results revealed that long-term BPS exposure reduced the tracking capability of female zebrafish,and 1 000μg/L BPS increased the thickness of the retinal pigment epithelium,the outer nuclear layer,the inner plexiform layer,the ganglion cell layer,and even the retina.BPS exposure also stimulated zfred,zfgr,zfblue,and zfuv expression in the eyes,indicating that spectral sensitivity to red,green,blue,and ultraviolet light was enhanced.Overall,this study is the first to demonstrate that long-term BPS exposure stimulated the transcription of opsin genes in the eyes of female zebrafish,damaged the retinal structure,and decreased their tracking capability,providing evidence for the visual toxicity of BPS at the molecular,histological,and individual levels,as well as theoretical basis for further studies to evaluate its molecular mechanism(s)of action.