在岗培训提高了企业绩效和员工的议价能力吗?——基于中国制造业企业的证据

Does the on Job Training Improve the Performance of Firms and Bargaining Power for Individual Employee? Empirical Evidence of Chinese Manufacture Firm

基于实证产业组织和人力资本理论的研究框架,笔者研究了在岗培训对于企业绩效和员工议价能力的影响。在岗培训作为企业人力资本积累的重要形式,对于企业竞争力的提升显得更为重要,企业在岗培训在提升企业人力资本积累水平的同时,也提升了员工技能,提高了员工议价能力。基于独特的中国制造业企业数据,笔者探究了中国制造业企业在岗培训对于企业生产率和员工议价能力的影响效应。在微观企业层面,在岗培训提高了企业TFP和职工工资,并且对于前者的效应显著大于后者,这一效应在不同所有制类型的企业之间差异明显。企业所在的不同规模城市差异也很显著,表明压制性工资结构的存在,劳动力市场选择效应降低了在岗培训对于企业绩效的影响。在传导机制方面,在岗培训提高了不同行业员工工资的议价能力,提高了企业员工工资。在岗培训已经成为中国制造业企业提升企业竞争力的重要方式。

Based on the framework of empirical industrial organization and human capital theory,this paper tries to evaluate the effect of on job training on firm performance and worker?s bargaining power.On job training is one of the important strategy for the accumulation of human capital for a firm,it is vital for the core competitiveness of a firm.On job training not only improves the level of human capital of a firm but also fosters the skill capacity of the workers and their wage bargaining power.Using a unique dataset of China’s manufacture firm,this paper examines the causal effect of on job training on firm?s performance and worker?s bargaining power.For a given firm,on job training can improve the level of TFP and wage.However,the effect is prominent for TFP than for worker’s wage.The effect is quite different for different ownership firm.Different size of cities have different effects which indicate there is depression structure of wage.The selection effect in the labor market reduces the positive effect of on job training on firms.From the perspective of the channel of these effects,on job training improves the bargaining ability of individual workers and increases the wage level for a firm.On job training is one of the important tactics to improve the core competiveness of China?s manufacture sector firms.