基于中国保护地的国家公园体系构建探讨

Discussion on the Establishment of National Park Category System Based on China's Protected Areas

IUCN保护地体系是较为全面和系统的保护地分类体系,有助于科学地认识国家公园内涵和性质,并指导建立科学的国家公园体系。鉴于中国保护地体系庞杂、类型划分不科学、多头管理以及功能定位不合理等诸多问题,参照IUCN保护地体系构建中国国家公园体系是当务之急。基于文献评述,首先梳理了国家公园的内涵与功能定位,其次在结合中国保护地现状与主要问题的基础上,从构建基础、方法步骤和保障角度提出了构建中国国家公园体系的初步设想。

IUCN protected area category system is recognized as a comprehensive and systematic classification system,which helps with better understanding on connotation and essential of national park.At present,China's protected areas are rich and complicated,and some problems such as unscientific classification,multiple management subjects,unreasonable function positioning,disorder management and operation,and deficient participation mechanism,become even more serious.Therefore,it is necessary to establish National Park System referring to IUCN protected area category system.Based on a literature review of national parks,this paper firstly clarifies connotation and function of national park.Then it proposes China's national park category system including establishing precondition,method and steps,etc.