中高职衔接模式下学生发展差异研究——基于北京市试点的实证分析

A Study on the Preliminary Effect of “3+2”Cohesion Between Secondary and Higher Vocational Education with Empirical Data from Beijing

为构建现代职业教育体系,北京市从2012年开始实行"3+2"中高职衔接试点改革。对首批参与试点项目的 8所高职院校的学生进行调研,并以来自普通高中的普通学生作为参照组,测量"3+2"试点学生在学生发展方面的差异。实证分析发现,试点学生在考取职业资格证书方面占有优势;在学业表现方面,二者并不存在显著差异;在就业期望方面,试点学生明显弱于普通学生,对未来学习深造的预期也较低;利用倾向得分匹配方法,在控制了个人特征、家庭背景和入学基础的条件下,二者在综合能力方面并无显著差异,但试点学生的专业知识与能力显著低于普通学生。可见,试点改革仍有待完善。

To construct a modern vocational education system,Beijing municipal government triggered a pilot reform to enhance middle and higher vocational school connection,called“3 PLUS 2 PROJECT”in 2012.With students from regular high schools as control group,this report is based on the survey of all students(also Pilot Student,PS)from 8 higher vocational school selected as experimental schools,trying to measure the differences in students development.The findings suggest,PSs show certain advantages in earning professional certificate required,but demonstrate no obvious difference in academic performances.PSs obtain comparatively weaker career expectation and lower inspiration for further academic development in the future.With propensity score matching controlling personal traits,family background,and learning aptitudes scores upon enrollment,no significant differences are showed in overall comprehensive ability,but PSs are weaker in professional knowledge and ability in comparison with the control group.Evidently,Pilot Reform needs to be improved in future.