无扫描激光三维成像雷达研究进展及趋势分析

Research progress and trend analysis of non-scanning laser 3D imaging radar

无扫描激光三维成像雷达具有体积小、质量轻、高分辨率、高精度和对动态目标无失真成像等优点,目前已成为许多国家研究的重点和热点。本文阐述了闪光式、光子计数、增益调制型等7种无扫描激光三维成像雷达体制和距离选通成像技术的基本原理,追踪并归纳了其研究进展,对比分析了各体制的技术优劣,并从核心器件角度分析了发展趋势。结论如下:采用2D传感器在光学层面进行时间信息转换实现三维成像的方法具有高分辨率、高能量利用率和高信噪比等特点,在航天、测绘、军事、民用等领域具有突出优势和应用前景。

The non-scanning laser 3D imaging radar has the advantages of small size,light weight,high resolution,high precision and distortion-free imaging of dynamic targets,and has become the focus and hotspot of research in many countries.In this paper,we describe the basic principles of seven kinds of non-scanning laser three-dimensional imaging radar systems and distance gated imaging technology,such as flash,photon counting and gain modulation.The progress of the research is traced and summarized,and the technical advantages and disadvantages of each system are compared and analyzed.The trend is analyzed from the perspective of core devices.The results show that the method of using 2D sensor to convert time information on the optical level to realize 3D imaging has the characteristics of high resolution,high energy utilization and high signal-to-noise ratio,and has outstanding advantages and application prospects in aerospace,surveying and mapping,military and civil fields.