清末新疆的蝗灾与政府应对

The Plague of Locust and the Control of the Disaster in Xinjiang During the Late Qing Dynasty Period

依据中国第一历史档案馆和新疆维吾尔自治区档案馆所藏相关档案,以及地方志等清代文献,文章全面梳理和统计了清末新疆蝗虫灾害的概况,并结合已有的研究成果,初步分析了清末天山南北各地蝗灾发生的时空分布规律。讨论了光绪、宣统年间受灾损失程度以及政府救济的相关措施,论述了清政府对新疆救灾的力度及其在边疆民族地区推进国家治理的独特方式。

On the basis of the sources of the First Historical Archives of China and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Archives and other Qing literatures,as well as relevant studies,this paper takes a comprehensive overview and offers statistics on the locust plague in Xinjiang during the Late Qing Dynasty period,and analyzes the pattern that the locusts rose.The paper also discussed the damage of the plague in the reign of Guangxu光绪and Xuantong宣统and the countermeasure of Qing government which revealed the Qing’s ability and distinctive characteristics in the governance of the border areas.