智能型规模化膜覆盖好氧堆肥系统设计与试验

Design and Test on Large-scale Semi-membrane-covered Compost System

设计了一种适用于规模化生产的节能环保智能型膜覆盖好氧堆肥系统,主要包括总控系统、风控系统、传感系统和覆膜系统。结合上述各系统的功能性需求,进行了系统整体性设计、功能模块独立设计选型,该系统可实现堆肥关键参数的高精度实时监测、通风供氧的灵活智能反馈控制、多设备无线通讯等功能。利用该系统进行规模化膜覆盖好氧堆肥性能试验,研究结果表明:整个堆肥过程高温时段满足粪便无害化处理需求,堆体氧浓度维持在适宜水平,覆膜工艺下可确保堆体发酵状况良好。从所监测的流量、频率、温度、压力、氧浓度等多元参数和总体性能来看,与传统技术模式相比,该系统智能化程度显著提升,生产能耗和气体产排显著降低。

Based on the actual production and scientific research needs of semi-membrane-covered aerobic composting,a kind of energy-saving,environmentally friendly and intelligent semi-membrane covered aerobic composting system was designed,including a master control system,ventilation control system,sensor system and membrane sealing system.Based on the system functional requirements above,the work of designing holistic system,selection of function modules and independent design of each modules was done,specifically including:component selection and structure design of the master control system and ventilation control system,selection of sensors and establishment of monitoring methods,determination of communication methods,design of expansion module,selection of semi-membrane and an establishment of seal fixation solutions for membranes and compost pile and ventilation control program programming of membrane-covered compost system.Based on the above system modules,the device system can realize high-precision real-time monitoring and display of key parameters for composting,flexible and intelligent feedback control of ventilation and oxygen supply,and multi-device wireless communication and other functions.The China s conventional trough composting model was selected as the composting infrastructure.The performance of aerobic composting with membrane covering was studied by using cow manure from surrounding dairy farms and corn stalks in the planting area as the main compost material.The results showed that during the entire composting process,the maximum temperature of the body exceeded 70℃and the duration of high temperature met the requirements for the harmless treatment of manure.The oxygen concentration was maintained at a suitable level(higher than 5%),and the whole aerobic fermentation of the whole body under the film coating process was in good condition.From the actual conditions of the flow rate,frequency,temperature,pressure and oxygen concentration parameters monitored by the system and the realization effect of each functional module,each module of the system operated basically well and can basically realize the data of temperature,pressure,flow rate and frequency.The real-time acquisition,display and export functions enabled the local area network wireless communication functions of the total control system,the wind control system,and the PC,and can realize the function of intelligent feedback mode to adjust the ventilation mode.In general,the research and design of this equipment had a positive effect on the intelligence and greenness of China s aerobic composting equipment,but the system still needed to be further upgraded to meet the actual production needs of membrane-covered aerobic compost.