多连杆麦弗逊悬架运动分析与参数优化

Kinematics Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Multi-link McPherson Suspension

为了便于多连杆麦弗逊悬架的运动学分析和前轮定位参数优化设计,基于瞬时螺旋轴法建立了多连杆麦弗逊悬架运动学分析模型,提出了其前轮定位参数的计算方法。利用ADAMS/Car进行了悬架运动学仿真验证。结果表明,该分析模型和计算方法是可靠的。在此基础上,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法,以部分悬架硬点坐标为设计变量,前轮定位参数随车轮跳动和转向运动的变化量最小为优化目标,对具有该类型悬架的某轮毂电机电动车悬架进行多目标优化设计。优化后的大部分定位参数符合设计要求,悬架运动学特性得到了改善。

In order to facilitate the kinematics analysis and optimization of the front wheel alignment parameters for Multi-link McPherson suspension,its kinematics analysis model is established based on the instant screw axis method,and the calculation method of the front wheel alignment parameters is proposed.It shows that the analysis model and calculation method are reliable verified by the ADAMS/Car suspension kinematics simulation.On this basis,taking partial suspension hard-point coordinates as the design variables and the minimum variation of the front wheel alignment parameters with the wheel beating and steering motions as the optimal target,multiobjective optimization of a certain hub motor electric vehicle suspension which has this type of suspension are carried out by NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm.Most of the front wheel alignment parameters optimized meet the design requirements and the suspension kinematics performance improved.